Conflict of Interest Policy

All authors, editors, and reviewers are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest that may influence the research, review, editorial decision, or publication of a manuscript.

Conflicts of interest may include financial relationships, employment, institutional affiliations, personal relationships, academic collaborations, or other interests that could affect professional judgment and objectivity.

Authors must disclose any relevant conflicts of interest during manuscript submission. If no conflicts of interest exist, authors should state: “The authors declare no conflict of interest.”

Editors and reviewers must also disclose any conflicts of interest and refrain from handling or reviewing manuscripts when such conflicts could compromise their impartiality. In such cases, the journal will appoint an independent editor or reviewer.

All disclosures will be handled confidentially and assessed by the editorial team to ensure transparency, fairness, and integrity throughout the publication process.

The journal is committed to maintaining ethical publication practices and ensuring that all manuscripts are evaluated objectively, independently, and without inappropriate influence.